MITHRIDATE Persuasive Essay Example For Students

MITHRIDATE Persuasive Essay A monolog from the play by Jean Racine NOTE: This monolog is republished from The Dramatic Works of Jean Racine. Trans. Robert Bruce Boswell. London: George Bell and Sons, 1911. XIPHARES: I love her, and may possess my passionNow that that sibling is my lone rival.Doubtless you wonder at the words I speak,But tis no mystery of a couple of short days,Long has this affection for mine experienced childhood in silence.How I could cause you to understand its ardour,My most punctual moans, my most recent disappointment!But in the state to which we are reducedTis no fit opportunity to task my memoryWith the presentation of an affectionate tale.Let it do the trick, to legitimize myself,That it was I who previously observed the Queen,And adored her. Ere the name of MonimaHad reachd my dads ears, her charms had rousedA legal energy in my heart. He saw her,And pursued her, yet with dishonorable suit,Deeming that she would demonstrate a simple conquest,Without daring to guarantee marriage honours.You know how energetically he assaild her virtue,And, exhausted of a long and pointless struggle,Absent, however never separated from his passion,He by your hands sent her his diadem.Judge of my melancholy, when news came that toldToo really of the motivation behind the King,How Monima his predetermined lady of the hour had takenHer venture here under your protection!Twas at that point, ah! accursed time, my moms eyesWere opend to the proposals of the Romans.Whether in envious anger at these new nuptials,Or to get me Pompeys powrful favour,My father she betrayd, and provided for RomeThe town and fortunes to her consideration entrusted.How did my moms wrongdoing influence my feelings?No more I saw an adversary in my father,I thought not about the adoration his own had crossd,And had no eyes however for my dads wrongs.Soon I attackd the Romans; and my mother,Distracted, saw me injured to the deathRecovering the spot she had surrenderd,And with my withering breath reviling her name.Since then the Euxine has been free, and soRemains; from Pontus to the BosphorusAll ownd my dads influence; his armada victoriousFound winds and waves its just enemies.More I woul d fain have done; I thought, Arbates,To walk upon Euphrates to his rescue,When I was stunnd by news of his death.But blended with my tears, I will admit it,Back to my musings came beguiling Monima,Entrusted by my dad to your hands.In these tragic occasions I trembled for her life,Dreading that in his coldblooded jealousyThe King, as oft before with numerous a mistress,Might implies have taken to make sure about her death.Hither I flew, and neath Nymph?ums wallsMy on edge eyes encounterd Pharnaces,A sight, I trow, of insidiousness augury.You got the two of us, and know the rest.Hasty in the entirety of his activities, PharnacesOf his arrogant wishes made no secret,Related to the Queen my dads ruin,And, since the King was dead, offerd himselfTo fill his place; nor will his deeds fall shortOf words. I also will show what I can do.The love that bade me worship a sireTo whom from youth I have ownd submission,This very love, presently ascending in revolt,Scorns the authority of this new r ival.Either the suit I dare to advanceMust be by Monima herself rejected,Or else, whatever evil may happened to it,She will not be anothers, while I live.Thus have I confessed to the privileged insights of my heart;With you it rests to pick the side you take.Which of us appears the worthier of allegiance,The slave of Rome, or Mithridates child?

Trust in E - Commerce Essay Example for Free

Trust in E Commerce Essay Presentation The structure of this exposition will focus on the subject about Trust in E-Commerce. Consequently, this would center in rendering an unmistakable comprehension on how such trust in E †Commerce would work in the genuine act of electronic business. The finishing of this paper is up to give general data about the significance of trust in E †Commerce. What's more, it will give an apparent method of reasoning in the essential elements of trust in real act of business in E †Commerce. In addition, this paper hangs on the motivation behind giving extensive subtleties on trust in E †Commerce. The accompanying will be talked about: 1. A Brief Back Ground: Trust in Online condition 2. Significance of Trust in E Commerce 3. Significant Risks in E-trade 4. Contentions, Issues and that's just the beginning Toward the finish of the paper, its objective incorporates deciding the significance of trust in the act of E †Commerce. All things considered, this paper would work to handle noticeable issues about E †Commerce concerning trust. The Definition of Trust in an Online Environment Singh (1996) separates between two sorts of trust, which is that of delicate trust and hard trust. Under the idea of delicate trust, the significant components are what â€Å"involve human brain research, brand faithfulness, and client friendliness† (Bollier 1996: 21 as refered to in Singh 1996: 145). Then again, that of hard trust has factors, which â€Å"involve genuineness, encryption, and security in transactions† (Bollier 1996: 21 as refered to in Singh 1996: 145). There is qualification that will be made between the two that is the principle explanation behind its partition. Be that as it may, the two arrangements of variables empower the clients to have a feeling of trust in a virtual domain where the virtual trait of the online condition has created vulnerabilities.  Likewise, it is to be noticed that the components included for the â€Å"soft trust† includes those which are comparative with the clients and are focuses where the online condition associates with the clients. These are the things, which are identified with the customer and would differ from each client. Then again, those components under the classification of hard trust inclines towards those attributes of the online condition which the clients search for and which the various members in the online condition ought to give and have so as to trust to be fabricated. Additionally, Sutherland and Tan (2004) characterize trust as the component of the clients that permit them to be defenseless and face challenges. It results to their acknowledgment of both the positive and negative outcomes of their utilization of the online condition. The level for such may change starting with one individual then onto the next relying upon the components of hard and delicate trust put previously. Figure 1. Online business Diagram for Secure Transactions Significance of Trust in E †Commerce Trust one might say has consistently been critical viewpoint in working together (The Importance of Trust and Credibility n.d.). Henceforth, setting up trust and believability is a useful method to pick up the certainty of buyers or the clients (The Importance of Trust and Credibility n.d.). In deals, foundation of such trust is a proficient method to arrive at higher pace of offer (The Importance of Trust and Credibility n.d.). In like manner, trust and validity is critical in building firm relationship with buyers and pull in potential clients or purchasers later on (The Importance of Trust and Credibility n.d.). The E-trade is a kind of a socio-specialized framework in trading business information and data, maintaining business connections, and achieving business exchanges through the utilized of media communications systems (E †Commerce Relationships n.d ). In writing, trust is normally described as the certainty or consistency in individual’s possibilities (Pavlou n.d ) and the certainty or confidence in others generosity (Trust in Electronic Environment n.d.). In the act of E †Commerce, trust is viewed as the point of convergence of making a firm relationship with the customers or the buyer (E †Commerce Relationships n.d.). This is because of the way that in such condition the nearness of dangers, vulnerabilities, and interdependencies are common (E †Commerce Relationships n.d.). Consequently, such trust in the field of E †Commerce is critical for the way that it fills in as the key factor in building up social capital (On-line trust: ideas, developing topics, a model n.d.). What's more, trust in E-business is significant in accomplishing positive results or results, for example, improving provider execution, achieving consumer’s fulfillment expanding upper hands, and other considerable financial accomplishment (Building E-trade Trust Applying Usability Principles n.d., eCommerce and the hardware business n.d.). In reference of these realities and data it is sensible enough to state that such trust in the field of E â€Commerce is demonstrated to be noteworthy and efficacious from various perspectives. In addition, aside from the hugeness of trust in E â€Commerce, it likewise involves positive advantages. Such prize of trust is quantifiable in a more extensive territory in E †Commerce, for example, lessening the exchange costs, supporting invaluable practices to pull in and restricting the degree of formal agreements (E †Commerce Relationships n.d., Egger n.d.). Regardless, trust assumes a noteworthy job in internet business because of the situations like absence of physical nearness, wasteful aspects in web innovation, obscurity, potential advantage and absence of control (E †Commerce Relationships n.d.). Significant Risks in E-business With the rapid turn of events and improvement of innovations, all the more explicitly that of the Internet, this involves a more extensive scope of noteworthy and new chances (Hunter n .d.). In any case, such new open doors have accompanied new dangers that are generally excluded from the company’s real hazard the executives system (Hunter n .d.). In like manner, the use of hazard the executives has been a piece of the piece of the business and is broadly actualized in such condition (Hunter, n .d.). This is on the side of ensuring the company’s substantial resources that are presented to various hazards or dangers (Hunter, n .d.). Subsequently, in the field of E â€Commerce, such administration procedure depends more in the utilization of innovation, for example, the web (Hunter, n .d.). In any case, with the fitting and concurred use of such dangers the board program, potential hazards in E †Commerce could be tended to as needs be (Hunter, n .d.). As it were, it is viewed as that the potential dangers or hazards in the field of E †Commerce is related in various negative structure, for example, infections, programmers and maltreatment of Mastercard numbers utilized in the exchanges over media transmission lines (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Be that as it may, such dangers in E †Commerce might be tended to by methods for using innovative advances (â€Å"Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Unquestionably, in E †Commerce, significant dangers are ordered in three essential regions which are business dangers, data dangers, and innovation dangers (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). It might be said, the Information Risks are dangers that include data distributed and portrayed in the website page or destinations, which are related with the way of web based business (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Likewise, such classification of hazard in E †Commerce is viewed as the dangers that are related with the bungle of crucial data, for example, infringement of laws in a given state and different nations (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). The Technology chance is characterized as the peril that is related with the databases, media communications, programming and equipment (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Additionally, these particular dangers involves outcomes that outcome to the bungle or abuse of innovation and the usage of wrong advancements on the side of tending to the business needs (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Business dangers, then again, are about the connection between the client or shoppers and the provider. Additionally, this incorporate dangers that are related with items and administrations, which are advertised and disseminated over the Internet (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). What's more, such hazard in E †Commerce likewise includes the potential dangers related with administrative factors in the business, which incorporates authoritative and staff matters (Managing Risks in Electronic Commerce n.d.). Moreover, the danger of Credit Card Fraud is likewise seen as one of the unfavorable dangers or risk in E †Commerce (Electronic Commerce n.d.). It is accepted that such business risk has been in the framework since the time Mastercards are presented (Electronic Commerce n.d.). In that capacity, this danger of extortion is foreseen in the business to the extent the credits cards are used for the most part in the E †Commerce exchanges (Electronic Commerce n.d.). In like manner, the greater part of the organizations engaged with the E †Commerce industry is viewed as presented to such hazard by methods for charge card usage and misfortunes for such (Electronic Commerce n.d.). By refering to the real procedure of using the charge card in E †Commerce, it is unmistakably clear that such danger of extortion is common in the business (Electronic Commerce n.d.). Be that as it may, using basic, yet successful, systems such dangers in E â€Commerce might be tended to (Electronic Commerce n.d.). For example, the administration based organizations with returning exchanges from perceived customer or clients involves a much lower danger of misrepresentation (Elec

Hawthorne The Myth of the Docile Worker Essay

Audit This diary starts with a prologue to the scandalous Hawthorne tests drove by Elton Mayo and Fritiz J. Roethlisberger. These investigations depended on Mayo’s confidence in the need to move the focal point of the board from a logical way to deal with one that esteemed human relations. The Hawthorne tests surfaced as the pioneer investigations of it’s time in human administration brain research. The outcomes built up a hypothesis known as the â€Å"Hawthorne effect† in which many have fused to frame the essentials of cutting edge human relations in business. Roethlisberger portrayed the â€Å"Hawthorne effect† as a mindfulness from the common laborers when uncommon consideration is given by their administrations subsequently realizing a positive change in profitability. Today, the â€Å"Hawthorne effect† is even likened as basically treating workers well. Bramel is basic when pin-pointing the defects of the hypothesis. Being uninterested over the procedure and exactness of the tests, he assumes the best about Mayo and rather inquiries specifically two parts of the hypothesis. The first is the presumption that laborers are effectively controlled by their higher administrations to get valuable and strong with their kindred specialists in this way expanding profitability paying little heed to the workplace or economy. The subsequent supposition that being, struggle among the executives and it’s laborers are because of outside components and minimizes the way that irreconcilable situations between the two gatherings is inescapable. Reality remains that the firm is exploitive in it’s entrepreneur nature, directors will continually try to expand profitability while laborers will consistently pay special mind to their own monetary intrigue. Bramel’s understanding of the Hawthorne impact places into play the way that the industrialist perceives that human relations is significant. In any case, he puts it strongly that Mayo’s translation of the administration laborer relationship is that of a fantasy, and isn't pertinent to all administrations and can't be utilized as a course reading answer towards managing laborers. Bramel isn't the one in particular who is basic with regards to the Hawthorne impact hypothesis. Richard Gillespie, 1991, presents us with the most adjusted view he emphatically dislikes with the Hawthorne impact hypothesis that fulfilled workers are beneficial representatives. Rather, he accepts the Hawthorne impact is dependent upon the understandings by the different specialists who deal with the circumstances and apply the hypothesis on their laborers to accomplish the outcomes they require. I accept the inquiry currently lies, by what method would managements be able to change their worker’s perspectives to accomplish a trusting and profitable laborer? A survey of : Bramel, D. (August 1981). Hawthorne, the Myth of the Docile Worker, and Class Bias in Psychology. American Psychologist, Volume 36(8) pp. 867-878. Oreg and Berson note that cautious choice procedure while choosing staff takes out pessimism in laborers and unites similar individuals who are enthusiastic about their occupations and search for work fulfillment. (Oreg and Berson, 2011) along these lines, class inclinations and the irreconcilable situation among chiefs and laborers is diminished. Supervisors can hope to accomplish their ideal outcomes and produce an inspired workforce. Administrators can hope to amplify the limit and execution of their HR by orientating their laborers to acquaint them with the company’s objectives, targets and vision, help their laborers comprehend the steady changes and requests of their activity necessities and limits misjudging and clashes in the working environment. As it were, by setting execution desires that compare with the worker’s esteem frameworks assist chiefs with forming their employee’s mentalities. (Oreg and Berson, 2011) Armed with such significant data, chiefs who transfer their desires and keep an open channel of correspondence among themselves and their laborers, permit laborers to accomplish their objectives utilizing their most ideal methods in the ways generally agreeable to them. Incorporating laborers into the firm is pivotal. By giving an adaptable and agreeable workplace, chiefs can completely accomplish profitability by permitting every laborer to be individualistic and arrive at their maximum capacity. (David Fairhurst, 2010) David woods concurs that unpredictable administration chains of command ought to be evacuated and workers are searching for the ability to speak freely and their sentiments to be esteemed by administrations. He delineates that so as to hold the best abilities, current administrations are to be less severe in their administration styles and give all the more captivating advantages. Workers value the straightforwardness help in the board and no longer feel that the firm is hoping to misuse them, rather to remunerate execution based or meritocracy. (David woods, 2010) Wayne Gwilym the HR executive of protection firm Rockwool is one such administrator. â€Å"I am a change manager†, Gwilym states. 10 years prior, the laborers were negative and demotivated when Gwilym took over HR activities of the family based business. Today, Gwilym brags of the change that the Rockwool workforce has experienced and has become a significant resource for the organization. The response for Rockwool’s workforce change introduced to us by Gwilym was basic. It was to get the HR group, chiefs and their laborers to cooperate to create work arrangements as a community exertion and speed up it’s execution. Today, Rockwell emphatically accepts that a roused workforce who trusts and anticipates the business’s future achievement is one of the powers driving the business forward. Gwilym is a change supervisor who sees the significance of giving his worker’s extending targets and setting up a cost cutting venture (Harrington, Siã ¢n, 2010) A study based research led by Anne Delarue, Geert Van Hootegem, Stephen Procter and Mark Burridge on collaboration and hierarchical execution go connected at the hip with the ideas as disclosed to us by Gyilym. The creators propose that an A survey of : Bramel, D. (August 1981). Hawthorne, the Myth of the Docile Worker, and Class Bias in Psychology. American Psychologist, Volume 36(8) pp. 867-878. comprehensive human asset framework which underlines on collaboration, will positively affect employee’s work fulfillment, responsibility and inspiration. These variables thusly lead to an improvement in representative mentalities and hierarchical execution. The diary calls attention to that it is significant for directors to find how and why workers act and play out the manner in which they do. (Anne Delarue, Geert Van Hootegem, Stephen Procter and Mark Burridge, 2008) Bramel’s theories in the Hawthorne impact hypothesis including the fantasy of the quiet laborers and that class inclinations do exist is one that I accept holds substance even in our day and age. Further investigation into the elements as called attention to by Bramel drive a similar point home, class predispositions will keep on exitting because of the entrepreneur idea of the enterprises and that laborers are likewise people whose psychological state can't be controlled and is hard to foresee. In today’s setting, the executives sees the significance of a changing and adaptable administration that places significance in the government assistance of it’s laborers so as to get greatest profitability. Our society’s requesting and continually changing desires expects troughs to step capable to turn into a change administrator who can adjust and discover a harmony between the desires for the businesses and it’s representatives. The board styles will proceed to shift and change, be that as it may, one certainty remains, it is the managers’ obligation to utilize the executives strategies to decrease and take out dangers to the firm. By narrowing down the components that causes cynicism in the work environment, administrators can forestall workers’ balancing mindsets and hindering organization societies from taking seed. As cited from Leo Burnett, â€Å"When you try the impossible you may not exactly get one†¦ But you won’t concoct a bunch of mud either†. Also, I accept this is the mentality supervisors ought to have when working considering their laborers bearing that the workforce are the ones who represent the moment of truth a firm. As cited from Will Hutton, â€Å"Human assets assume a significant job in the change of an industry †however just on the off chance that it grasps the challenges.† (Will Hutton, 2010) A survey of : Bramel, D. (August 1981). Hawthorne, the Myth of the Docile Worker, and Class Bias in Psychology. American Psychologist, Volume 36(8) pp. 867-878. Assets: Richard Gillespie, (1991). Assembling Knowledge: A past filled with the Hawthorne experiments†. Cambridge University Press. Shaul Oreg and Yair Berson, (Autumn 2011 ). Authority and employees’ responses to change: The job of Leaders’ individual traits and transformational administration style. Work force Psychology, Vol. 64 issue 3, pp. 627-659. Fairhurst, David, (Nov 2010). We’re at risk for dismissing the reality representatives are individuals as opposed to, well, HR. HR. HR. pp. 15-15. David Woods, (Nov 2010). HR Lessons†¦ From history. HR. pp. 62-62. Harrington, Siã ¢n, (Nov 2010). Request out of Chaos. HR. pp. 29-31. Anne Delarue, Geert Van Hootegem, Stepjem Protec and Mark Burridge, (2008). Collaboration and hierarchical execution: An audit of study based research. Universal Journal of the board audits, volume 10 issue 2, pp. 127-148 Will Hutton, (Nov 2010). We can't wish once more into reality production lines and steel processes that have been shut in the course of recent years. HR. Pp 22-22.

An Analysis of Asthma Among Black Americans Using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model - Free Essay Example

Abstract This paper explores the relationship between asthma and Black Americans through the PRECEDE-PROCEED model of health. The paper first explores the prominent diseases within the black population and then explains the significance of asthma in terms of symptomology, risk factors pertaining to the population, as well as comorbidity between asthma and other diseases prominent in the black population. Behavioral and environmental factors are explored followed by an analysis of available resources and policies. Finally, a dual intervention is proposed; the intervention would target parents and children to educate them about asthma as well as the importance of social support for children. Among the diseases prevalent among the black population, such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity; Black Americans have some of the highest asthma rates in the country (CDC, 2018). Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which often begins in childhood, can be triggered by environmental irritants and is worsened by certain health behaviors (CDC, 2016). A lack of health education regarding asthma may result in missed school days, increased risk of emergency room visits and errors in emotional/physical perception (Ashley, Freemer, Garbe, Rowson, 2017; Shields, Comstock, Weiss, 2004; CDC, 2012). Although many health organizations have created plans to improve asthma statistics, Black Americans are still over twice as likely to develop asthma than White Americans (CDC, 2018); therefore, improvement in health interventions for Black Americans is necessary. Using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, data will be used to better identify behavioral and environmental needs, preexisting and enablin g factors, and current and possible resources which may be implemented into a more successful intervention plan. The PRCECEDE-PROCEED model was developed as an all-encompassing planning model, divided between a research/planning phase (PRECEDE) and an action phase (PROCEED) (National Cancer Institute, 2015). The model analyzes behavioral and environmental, internal and external, and predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. The model begins with a social assessment of the communitys perceived needs and is then followed by an epidemiological assessment to prioritize these needs. A behavioral and environmental assessment then researches internal and external factors relating/contributing to the issue. This is followed by an educational and ecological assessment which examines predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. The next step, administrative and policy assessment, begins the second phase of the model and looks at the availability of resources, organizational policies/ regulation that impact the intervention. The final four steps deal with implementation and evaluation of health promotion intervention (National Cancer Institute, 2015, p.41). According to the CDC (2017), Black Americans have higher rates of premature morbidity from all causes than White Americans; morbidity rates escalate the earlier a disease emerges. Certain health disparities, such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity, smoking, HIV/AIDS, and drug overdose; have prominent associations with Black Americans; however, the risk of a Black American developing asthma is over twice as likely compared with a White American (CDC, 2018). Further, other black health disparities, such as obesity and smoking, are strongly associated with asthma risk (CDC, 2016). An epidemiological study from 2001-2010 showed that black childrens rates of asthma grew at almost a 4% yearly rate (Akinbami, Moorman, Simon, Schoendorf, 2014). The study also showed that black children were almost twice as likely to have at least one asthma attack in the past year and over 7 times as likely to die from asthma compared with white children. There are many internal and external factors which contribute to asthma development and aggravation. Internal factors consist of biological predispositions/ resistance to medications, beliefs about asthma severity, symptom detection/alexithymia (not being able identify and describe feelings), stress levels, and emotional/social stability. Black Americans had biological predispositions which showed a decreased response to asthma medications (Gamble, et al. 2010; Akinbami, et al. 2014). Beliefs about asthma, in other words not taking asthma seriously, may contribute to poor symptom detection which may contribute to the development of alexithymia. Stress levels contribute to internal irritation which can lead to asthma development or an asthma attack. Emotional stability relates to stress and may be a result of ones home/school environment. External factors which contribute to asthma were exposure to violence, quality of living/work environment, family/ethnic support, living with a single mother, and living with a smoker. Exposure to violence and living with a single mother were both found to be most relevant to black children (Barile, Edwards, Dhingra, Thompson, 2015). Violence may be found within ones home as well as within ones community. Quality of living/work environments are strongly tied to socioeconomic status both of which are often of poor quality for black individuals. According the United States Census Bureau (2017) Black Americans were the most likely to have only a high school diploma and had the second highest rate of unemployment and poverty. People with lower socioeconomic status (SES) are also more likely to be exposed to toxic living environments such as air/water pollution as well as poor work conditions which are conducive to asthma (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Health-related issues to economic i nstability included stress, sensory impairment, limited educational achievement and adult morbidity/mortality (Knopf et al., 2016). This implies that not only does low economic stability during childhood affect the individual, it may perpetuate the same problem to the next generation. Finally, smoking is a health disparity related to Black Americans (CDC, 2017). Smoking affects air quality and aggravates the lungs of asthmatics, increasing the likelihood of asthma development and attacks (CDC, 2016). Predisposing factors related to asthma were poor asthma knowledge, perception of severity, overall asthma attitude, self-efficacy, and perception of responsibility. A lack of knowledge about asthma can lead to other predisposing factors such as overall attitudes about asthma, severity perception, and possibly self-efficacy (Hopkins Tanne, 2001). Self-efficacy and responsibility perception relate to the performance of maintenance behaviors (Bruzzese, 2012). Enabling factors were available policies/resources which led to a lack of education and influenced asthma perception, transportation, and living/working conditions. Getting access to education may be difficult due to transportation issues and limited resources. Reinforcing factors were family/community support, having a primary doctor, and self-perception. Having social support will aid in performing preventative and maintenance behaviors. Communicating effectively with ones doctor also aids in reinforcement of positive behaviors ( Chiang, Huang, Lu, 2003). After collecting behavioral/environmental data, the two points deemed to be most critical were a lack of asthma education and a lack of social support. Many Black Americans do not have regular doctors, which may relate to their poor levels of, and access to, medical care and information (Hopkins Tanne, 2001). Black Americans are not properly educated on asthma symptomology and therefore may not realize they are suffering from asthma symptoms until symptoms become severe. Further, black children were almost 65% less likely (than white children) to have a follow-up after having an asthma-related emergency room experience (Shields, Comstock, Weiss, 2004). Many of these problems could be solved with effective asthma education (Hopkins Tanne, 2001). Other ramification of a lack of education also manifested in asthma maintenance behaviors. An inverse relationship was found between age and asthma management in black adolescents (Bruzzese, 2012). The older children were, the less likely the y were to effectively schedule taking medication, recognize trigger symptoms, or get help. Although there was a positive correlation with age and perceived responsibility, this may be the result of a disconnect between independence and self-care. This suggests that children with asthma need ongoing education on self-management. Further, mismanagement has been associated with depression, anxiety, (likely related to medical cost and perceived control) and dyspnea (labored breathing which will can make asthma worse) (Baiardini, Sicuro, Balbi, Canonica, Braido, 2015). The other factor targeted by this intervention is social support. Many risk factors of asthma related to a lack of social support such as violence, stress, alexithymia, and low SES (Bellin et al., 2014; Ashley et al., 2017; Baiardini et al., 2015; Akinbami et al., 2014), whereas a significant protective factor is family/ethnic pride (Koinis-Mitchell et al., 2012). A study by Barile et al. (2015) showed that adverse childh ood experiences were associated with lower emotional support, which was associated with a lower health quality of life. Additionally, the study found that low income and high unemployment was associated with lower emotional support. Finally, the study stated that adverse childhood experiences could prevent children from developing social relationships into adulthood. Therefore, childhood environment plays a large role in a childs development and potential. By limiting environmental factors like exposure to education and social support, a childs abilities may be compromised. The proposed intervention will be divided into two components, an educational component and a support component. Each component of the intervention will be geared toward children and parents, with differing curricula. Two different education groups will be administered as parents and children will be taught separately. The first component will be administered in order to educate the target population on asthma severity, prevalence in Black Americans, risk factors, and the importance of maintenance. Maintenance includes (parents) scheduling doctors appointments as well as (children) conducting self-assessment. Self-assessment includes monitoring trigger and asthma symptoms as well as taking medication consistently and responsibly. An effort will be made to explain that ones independence (as they age) means being their own doctor. Additionally, asthma education will include the benefits of performing protective behaviors, such as fewer emergency room visits. The second part of the intervention deals with social support for children. A lack of social support, especially in an environment of violence, can create or exacerbate asthma. Further, children who had a lack of social support have shown to increase in likelihood of developing into an adult with a low SES (Barile et al., 2015). Parents will be taught about the importance of family support and strategies to use inside the home, while ethnic clubs will be offered as a way for children to learn about and take pride in their heritage while making friends. This will create a resource for children in which they celebrate their differences, instead of hiding them, which will increase pride and minimize discrimination. Additionally, children will learn coping techniques that can be used during times of inflammation/isolation. Research by Baiardini et al. (2015) showed that asthmatic people who learned effective coping skills showed less psychological morbidity, greater perception of control , and better disease management. It is also important to look for negative coping efforts, such as avoidance which may indicate risk of emotional instability. This program will take place in community centers in the tri-state area (New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut) which should be easily accessible to community members. The tri-state area will be the preliminary location of the intervention due to its diversity in education, income, and culture (United States Census Bureau, 2009). The educational and support programs will be bi-weekly programs which will alternate programming (between the two components) based on the week; the program will last for four months. However, the childrens clubs (support component for children) will be held weekly. Each component will be taught by a qualified black professional (a black doctor will teach the educational component, a black psychologist/social worker will teach the social support component, and a black cultural educator will be in charge of ethnic clubs) as race may also serve as an additional barrier to asthma education or implementation of positive asthma behaviors (as they will better unde rstand their audiences cultural needs). In order for program effectiveness to be measured, data will be collected during the first, eighth, and final week of the program. Data will be used for formative and outcome evaluation. Data collection will consist of qualitative and quantitative data. Participants will be given surveys (Perceived Support Scale, Brief-Coping Orientation of Problem Experienced (COPE) inventory scale) to fill out as well as have a saliva test to test relevant biomarkers (cortisol and C-reactive protein). It is anticipated that this intervention will yield improvement of 15% over baseline over the course of the program. Improvements of a lesser scale will be further interrogated for variables that may require modification for ideal success. If the program produces significant results, the program will expand to other states across the country. Where applicable, the program will be tailored to account for unique variables (i.e. travel, participant disability) to maximize success. Further, there will be continuous yearly follow-ups to make sure programs are still being run appropriately while still proving effective, which will be used for impact and process evaluation. Instructors as well as community/civic center staff will be evaluated on their maintenance of the program in accordance with intended implementation; further, yearly data reports of the program will be analyzed to assess the programs standing and possible need for refinement. The only resources necessary for this intervention are a community center and black healthcare professionals. Because this is purely an educational intervention it should not conflict with any legislation. Although this study provided an in-depth analysis of relevant factors in asthma development and exacerbation, certain environmental factors like poverty were not explicitly part of the intervention plan. The intervention aids in education, which is often a limited resource as a result of poverty; however, asthma education will not help improve ones living or work conditions. Because the environmental conditions and legislature for each state is different, certain organizations are recommended as resources in order to minimize ones exposure to environmental irritants, such as the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (which has blogs and podcasts about reducing allergens in ones environment)(NIEHS, 2018) and the Environmental Protection Agency (which provides networks for community-based interventions as well as lists of local and national agencies that are asthma resources) (EPA, 2018), as well as looking into ones state policies regarding asthma. Asthma is a disease which disproportionally impacts black children and whose effects may still be felt into adulthood. Risk factors for asthma include race/ethnicity, poverty, parental education level, health insurance coverage, environmental (air) quality, living with a smoker, premature birth/ early antibiotic use, Alexithymia, stress, violence, and lack of social support. Through analysis of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, education and social support were deemed the two most influential factors in asthma related health; therefore, a dual-component intervention was proposed for children and adults. As individuals learn the importance of asthma rates, risks, and symptoms as well as the necessity of family/community support the asthma rates of Black Americans will decrease.

European Communities - Measures Affecting Butter Products - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 0 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "European Communities Measures Affecting Butter Products" essay for you Create order

Corn and Pellagra Essay - 3168 Words

Corn and Pellagra Corn is a food eaten throughout the world. It is easy to produce and cheap so that in the past it has composed a large part of the diet of the poor who could not afford other foods. The consumption of corn as ones main food source can cause health problems due to a deficiency of the B vitamin niacin that if not treated can lead to insanity and even death. This paper will attempt to present a brief history of pellagra, concentrating primarily on the twentieth century American south, and discussing the causes of the disease, its progression in the human body and treatment. The first documented description of pellagra was 1735 in Europe by a Spanish physician, Gaspar Casal. He wrote, â€Å"Since I never saw a more†¦show more content†¦These coenzymes are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions and are essential for metabolic processes in each cell in the body. A deficiency in niacin decreases the cellular function throughout the body. One symptom of niacin deficiency is diarrhea, which is one of the four D’s of pellagra-diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death (Rhoads 7). Pellagra is both easy and difficult to diagnose. Symptoms can vary throughout a population, but once the characteristic symmetrical lesions appear it is fairly easy to diagnose. In early stages it might be confused with sunburn or poison oak, but it is not until the skin begins to peel that the diagnosis can be certain (Etheridge 7). Pellagra adversely affects all systems of the body with the most striking involvement occurring in the skin, nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Patients are apathetic, anorexic, pale, and weak. The skin over exposed surfaces and pressure points becomes thickened, hyperkeratotic and hyperpigmented. This symmetric dermatosis is most apparent in areas exposed to the sun, which seems to trigger the lesions. 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Management Accounting System for Managing Value - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theManagement Accounting System for Managing Value. Answer: Management accounting system is the system used by the management used obtained the relevant information in relation to organization financial and economic factors which helps them to perform efficiently and effectively (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso, 2015). There are many processes and techniques which are used by management accountant to provide the information required by internal mangers on consistent basis. Some of the processes and techniques are describe below: Techniques: Financial Arrangement It is the planning required for finance function in an organization which is the back bone of its working and existence. Efficient utilization of funds in order to meet the obligation in time is financial arrangements by maintaining the balance between inflow and outflow of funds. Analysis of data Analysis of the data to provide the logical and reliable results at by using different scientific methods. Statistical analysis is most important in management accounting which helps in choosing proper sample rather than using whole population and to draw required conclusions. Cost Management Method- It an essential element of management accounting system which used by management accountant which involves analyzing the financial performance of the organization by classifying, identifying, recording and interpreting the cost records. This method is used by internal manager to find the how the cost can be reduced and what can be cost control methods (Smith, Thorne, Smith and Hilton, 2015). Variable Costing In this technique only the marginal cost that variable manufacturing cost has been considered for valuing the cost of sales and inventory by the accountant. The information from this technique helps the management to ascertain the variable factors with are considered in cost and are used as internal decision tools (Zimmerman and Yahya-Zadeh, 2011). Processes: Cost Reduction The company shall appoint the cost manager who will match the costing of the product with the costing as defined by the management and will help management to go for cost reduction techniques as defined above. Budget Process and Performance Measurement In this standard target costs are set a bench mark for comparison with actual results by accountant. And the variations between actual and standard are identified and evaluated to provide information to the management for proper controlling and monitoring. It helps in making the system of performance measurement effective. References Smith L, Thorne H, Smith D and Hilton R (2015), Management Accounting: Information for Creating and Managing Value, Mc Graw Hill, 7th Ed, Chapter 2 Weygandt, J. J, Kimmel, P. D., and Kieso, D. E. (2015), Financial Managerial Accounting-John Wiley Sons, p-32-56 Zimmerman, J. L, Yahya-Zadeh, M. (2011), Accounting for decision making and control-Issues in Accounting Education,26(1), 258-259